Despite significant changes in the economy aimed at ensuring the leadership of industry and services in the country's GDP, the contribution of agriculture to GDP, although reduced, remains high. In the agricultural production sector, which is the main source of income and employment for the majority of the population of the northern part of Karakalpakstan and the guarantor of social stability, it is currently problematic to ensure the level of adaptive capacity corresponding to the scale of the effects of climate change. This makes the agricultural production sector the most vulnerable to the existing impacts of land degradation, desertification and future natural and climatic threats, destabilizing food security in the Aral Sea region. Land users need help to select the appropriate technologies and approaches towards transition to climate-resilient agriculture. This publication contains recommendations on establishing climate-optimized agriculture to ensure food security in the face of climate change, developed within the framework of joint UNDP, Uzhydromet, and the UNFCCC Adaptation Fund project “Developing climate resilience of farming communities in the Drought prone parts of Uzbekistan”.